TailMyPicks

Check any Polymarket wallet’s real record.

Tennis · resolved market

Saint-Malo: Moyuka Uchijima vs Sofia Costoulas

Rebuilt .

What this market resolved to

Winning outcome
Moyuka Uchijimaof Moyuka Uchijima, Sofia Costoulas
Resolved
US/Eastern, the zone Polymarket writes its markets in
Scored in
Tennisevery record on this page is that Category’s
Volume Polymarket published
$102,429
Volume TailMyPicks’s own read summed
$111,566

Both are shown because TailMyPicks only trusts a market it can reconcile: it reads every trade itself and compares its own total against the venue’s before scoring anything. The threshold below was applied to $102,429 the venue’s figure.

Every figure here describes what TailMyPicks scored — positions held to resolution in markets that cleared the thresholds below. It is not a Polymarket account balance, and open positions are not counted anywhere on this site.

Who was on this market

All 96 wallets that hold a qualified pick on this market, biggest position first. Ordered by position size rather than by score, because this is a post-mortem of one market — a strong wallet’s small pick does not belong above a large committed one. Each wallet’s record in Tennis is on its own row, so one correct call here is not mistaken for a track record.

On this marketThis wallet’s whole record in Tennis
WalletEntryPositionResultP/L heldQualified picksWin ratevs expectedRealizable edgeAvg entryROI per pickTail Score
0xde9f…d43cbacked Sofia Costoulas19c12,603$2,392 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,391.746,59950.7%3,343 W · 3,256 L+259.7wins+0.04per pick47cpaid-4.9%equal weight54+0.04 edge/pick
0xfe78…0319backed Sofia Costoulas31c12,415$3,826 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$3,825.778,82836.1%3,190 W · 5,638 L-193.3wins-0.02per pick38cpaid-27.2%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x7402…8020backed Sofia Costoulas19c4,315$828 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$827.727526.7%20 W · 55 L-4.6wins-0.06per pick33cpaid-37.5%equal weight45-0.05 edge/pick
0x0165…8235backed Moyuka Uchijima64c3,058$1,957 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$1,1015749.1%28 W · 29 L+2.5wins+0.04per pick45cpaid+9.1%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0x42c9…9623backed Moyuka Uchijima79c2,475$1,950 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$524.24,70349.4%2,323 W · 2,380 L+166.5wins+0.04per pick46cpaid-3.7%equal weight54+0.04 edge/pick
0x160b…4296backed Moyuka Uchijima64c2,453$1,570 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$883.081,65849.9%828 W · 830 L+7.9wins0.00per pick49cpaid+0.3%equal weight510.00 edge/pick
0xd3df…82fabacked Moyuka Uchijima70c2,374$1,662 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$711.5527846%128 W · 150 L+9.6wins+0.03per pick43cpaid-10.9%equal weight54+0.03 edge/pick
0x84ad…bfb7backed Moyuka Uchijima79c2,325$1,846 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$479.894,53367.7%3,071 W · 1,462 L+306.6wins+0.07per pick61cpaid+5.2%equal weight57+0.07 edge/pick
0x4698…d7a5backed Moyuka Uchijima74c2,035$1,500 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$534.5253655.4%297 W · 239 L-28.6wins-0.05per pick61cpaid-12.2%equal weight44-0.05 edge/pick
0x2b85…bf37backed Sofia Costoulas21c1,084$226 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$225.9879951.1%408 W · 391 L+9.3wins+0.01per pick50cpaid-5.4%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0xbb9f…557bbacked Sofia Costoulas20c1,080$215 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$214.9730131.9%96 W · 205 L-9.5wins-0.03per pick35cpaid-5.8%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0xecae…b906backed Sofia Costoulas36c1,000$360 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$3601,02646.8%480 W · 546 L+14.1wins+0.01per pick45cpaid+0.1%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x56df…edc2backed Sofia Costoulas17c968.57$167 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$167.264833.3%16 W · 32 L+4.7wins+0.10per pick24cpaid+50.2%equal weight57+0.06 edge/pick
0x5213…6a35backed Sofia Costoulas34c882.32$300 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$299.991,86544.7%834 W · 1,031 L+36.5wins+0.02per pick43cpaid+3.4%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0xceee…d39ebacked Moyuka Uchijima66c830.22$548 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$282.2815040%60 W · 90 L-8.9wins-0.06per pick46cpaid-4.8%equal weight44-0.05 edge/pick
0xc128…2217backed Sofia Costoulas37c812.08$300 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$30010655.7%59 W · 47 L+13.2wins+0.12per pick43cpaid+28.4%equal weight61+0.10 edge/pick
0xb171…39eebacked Sofia Costoulas25c808.49$200 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2008235.4%29 W · 53 L+1.3wins+0.02per pick34cpaid-3.6%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x9dfe…a5d6backed Moyuka Uchijima65c769.23$500 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$269.2350458.9%297 W · 207 L+9.6wins+0.02per pick57cpaid+7%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x6814…a9e7backed Sofia Costoulas20c727.78$143 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$143.073,07244.9%1,378 W · 1,694 L-30.9wins-0.01per pick46cpaid-23%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xa1a9…e22ebacked Moyuka Uchijima66c718.2$474 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$244.191,28439.2%503 W · 781 L-12.2wins-0.01per pick40cpaid-3.8%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x25d8…a71fbacked Moyuka Uchijima80c701$561 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$140.230857.1%176 W · 132 L-5.3wins-0.02per pick59cpaid-8%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x200f…7a96backed Sofia Costoulas35c685.81$237 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$236.747,13949.7%3,548 W · 3,591 L+109.9wins+0.02per pick48cpaid+3.3%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x98db…dd17backed Sofia Costoulas19c685.35$130 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$130.115,35056.4%3,016 W · 2,334 L+228.4wins+0.04per pick52cpaid-6.4%equal weight55+0.04 edge/pick
0x70dc…1317backed Moyuka Uchijima77c678.24$520 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$158.242650%13 W · 13 L-1.2wins-0.04per pick54cpaid-26.2%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0xc521…b46abacked Moyuka Uchijima64c625$400 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$22525544.7%114 W · 141 L-6.9wins-0.03per pick47cpaid-3.7%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0x507e…beaebacked Sofia Costoulas26c560.71$147 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$147.387,01843.2%3,031 W · 3,987 L+124.9wins+0.02per pick41cpaid-9.8%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x5628…abbcbacked Sofia Costoulas34c481.5$164 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$164.392,22945%1,002 W · 1,227 L+3.4wins0.00per pick45cpaid+0.8%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x18a4…3a31backed Moyuka Uchijima70c472.88$331 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$141.4380341.8%336 W · 467 L-20.6wins-0.03per pick44cpaid-18.9%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0xeaac…d71dbacked Sofia Costoulas34c441.15$150 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$149.991,86545.6%851 W · 1,014 L+50.3wins+0.03per pick43cpaid+6.2%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0x0e1b…ecafbacked Moyuka Uchijima80c416.85$332 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$84.922,52339.6%1,000 W · 1,523 L-3.1wins0.00per pick40cpaid-13.3%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xd96a…d8cebacked Sofia Costoulas22c342.31$75 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$75.0322113.6%30 W · 191 L-5.8wins-0.03per pick16cpaid-20%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0xf39d…a5e9backed Sofia Costoulas20c338.33$68 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$683548.6%17 W · 18 L-2.8wins-0.08per pick57cpaid-28.5%equal weight45-0.05 edge/pick
0x4c0c…a55dbacked Moyuka Uchijima63c234.59$148 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$86.822965.9%151 W · 78 L+2.9wins+0.01per pick65cpaid+1.6%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0xb07e…0df5backed Sofia Costoulas36c213$77 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$77.2584640%338 W · 508 L-22.2wins-0.03per pick43cpaid-10.7%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0xdc0d…8bcabacked Sofia Costoulas25c200$50 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$5020938.3%80 W · 129 L+10.6wins+0.05per pick33cpaid+14.8%equal weight55+0.05 edge/pick
0x6932…6878backed Sofia Costoulas36c190$68 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$68.486835.4%307 W · 561 L+22.9wins+0.03per pick33cpaid+10.1%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0xf02f…1ed8backed Moyuka Uchijima71c167.79$119 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$49.171,44438%548 W · 896 L-46.0wins-0.03per pick41cpaid-16.4%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0x2d29…f683backed Moyuka Uchijima65c153.85$100 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$53.8533647.3%159 W · 177 L-1.7wins-0.01per pick48cpaid+0.4%equal weight490.00 edge/pick
0x4c22…0c2cbacked Sofia Costoulas33c153.1$50 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$506434.4%22 W · 42 L-2.6wins-0.04per pick38cpaid-25.3%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0x5fe6…a99fbacked Sofia Costoulas24c146.04$35 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$3575312.2%92 W · 661 L-21.3wins-0.03per pick15cpaid-25.1%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0xd81f…6b75backed Moyuka Uchijima64c137.08$87 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$49.8397745.2%442 W · 535 L-0.9wins0.00per pick45cpaid-6.1%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xf46b…c51dbacked Sofia Costoulas26c125.19$32 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$32.4563052.4%330 W · 300 L+12.5wins+0.02per pick50cpaid-0.7%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x3982…2befbacked Sofia Costoulas25c108.34$27 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$27.0960355.4%334 W · 269 L+19.8wins+0.03per pick52cpaid-3%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0xf2de…e4bdbacked Sofia Costoulas14c99.98$14 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$141513.3%2 W · 13 L+0.3wins+0.02per pick11cpaid-13.7%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x8a96…3087backed Sofia Costoulas24c97.95$24 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$23.5112739.4%50 W · 77 L-2.7wins-0.02per pick41cpaid-10%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x26d6…caccbacked Sofia Costoulas18c93.29$17 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$17.011,48747.5%706 W · 781 L-19.1wins-0.01per pick49cpaid-21%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xb4f3…999fbacked Sofia Costoulas35c90$32 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$31.595742.1%403 W · 554 L-24.9wins-0.03per pick45cpaid-8.2%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0x6c0a…f6bdbacked Moyuka Uchijima77c86.55$67 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$19.6613268.9%91 W · 41 L+7.2wins+0.05per pick64cpaid+8.2%equal weight55+0.05 edge/pick
0x03ba…bebabacked Sofia Costoulas22c85.99$19 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$19.321,02843.3%445 W · 583 L-24.5wins-0.02per pick46cpaid-21.5%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0xd9e0…05f2backed Sofia Costoulas22c80$18 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$17.652,76647.7%1,318 W · 1,448 L+44.2wins+0.02per pick46cpaid-18.4%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0xceaa…65b4backed Moyuka Uchijima76c78.67$60 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$18.671361.5%8 W · 5 L-0.2wins-0.01per pick63cpaid+2.6%equal weight490.00 edge/pick
0x4350…4bbabacked Moyuka Uchijima68c78.32$53 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$25.230672.9%223 W · 83 L+27.2wins+0.09per pick64cpaid+10.7%equal weight59+0.08 edge/pick
0x7edb…7993backed Sofia Costoulas19c69.42$13 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$13.171,45950.1%731 W · 728 L+0.4wins0.00per pick50cpaid-16.1%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xe010…a84bbacked Moyuka Uchijima65c69.23$45 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$24.23475%3 W · 1 L0.0wins+0.01per pick74cpaid+3.4%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x7d69…e597backed Sofia Costoulas23c69$16 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$15.561729.4%5 W · 12 L+2.2wins+0.13per pick17cpaid+356.7%equal weight56+0.05 edge/pick
0x9825…9ffcbacked Sofia Costoulas22c68.18$15 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1549943.5%217 W · 282 L+2.4wins0.00per pick43cpaid-1.7%equal weight510.00 edge/pick
0xffc9…bf01backed Sofia Costoulas28c62.46$17 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$17.4720957.9%121 W · 88 L+7.3wins+0.03per pick54cpaid+5.7%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0xa509…ae46backed Sofia Costoulas21c61.16$13 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$12.736,78648.8%3,310 W · 3,476 L+56.2wins+0.01per pick48cpaid-15.5%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x2d21…92e5backed Sofia Costoulas21c60.46$13 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1312053.3%64 W · 56 L+2.2wins+0.02per pick51cpaid-9.1%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x1bf7…6f57backed Sofia Costoulas36c60$22 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$21.612933.3%43 W · 86 L-3.7wins-0.03per pick36cpaid-7.7%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0x4a80…b808backed Sofia Costoulas34c59.5$20 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$20.239643.8%42 W · 54 L-10.2wins-0.11per pick54cpaid-22.4%equal weight41-0.08 edge/pick
0xd038…8f51backed Sofia Costoulas37c58.67$22 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$21.714,28840.5%1,737 W · 2,551 L-139.3wins-0.03per pick44cpaid-20.5%equal weight46-0.03 edge/pick
0xb8b9…7a6bbacked Sofia Costoulas20c56$11 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$11.199527.4%26 W · 69 L-4.8wins-0.05per pick32cpaid-21.7%equal weight46-0.04 edge/pick
0x4afd…d57bbacked Sofia Costoulas26c53$14 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$13.872748.1%13 W · 14 L+0.4wins+0.01per pick47cpaid-8.6%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x1e3b…e232backed Sofia Costoulas35c50$18 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$17.753,90150.1%1,953 W · 1,948 L-13.2wins0.00per pick50cpaid-2.2%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x226b…4712backed Sofia Costoulas34c50$17 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$17955.6%5 W · 4 L+0.3wins+0.04per pick52cpaid-2.3%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x84c7…bea7backed Moyuka Uchijima64c46.87$30 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$16.8766452.3%347 W · 317 L+7.8wins+0.01per pick51cpaid+0.3%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x930f…2957backed Moyuka Uchijima65c46.15$30 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$16.15771.4%5 W · 2 L+0.3wins+0.04per pick67cpaid+4%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x8c13…37a6backed Moyuka Uchijima65c46.15$30 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$16.15366.7%2 W · 1 L0.0wins-0.02per pick68cpaid+6.8%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xa6d7…d801backed Moyuka Uchijima76c46.05$35 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$11.0533655.1%185 W · 151 L-2.3wins-0.01per pick56cpaid+0.2%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xd1fc…5da8backed Sofia Costoulas27c43.63$12 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$11.923423.5%8 W · 26 L-1.1wins-0.03per pick27cpaid-53.2%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x2e7f…a844backed Sofia Costoulas33c43.24$14 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$14.3574346.3%344 W · 399 L-12.3wins-0.02per pick48cpaid-18.8%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x9888…e6febacked Sofia Costoulas31c40.39$13 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$12.522,44745.9%1,123 W · 1,324 L-12.9wins-0.01per pick46cpaid-5.7%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x8d19…bf25backed Moyuka Uchijima75c39.87$30 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$9.8764755%356 W · 291 L-16.0wins-0.02per pick57cpaid-7.5%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0x9d8d…f4bdbacked Moyuka Uchijima64c39.06$25 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$14.061100%1 W · 0 L+0.4wins+0.36per pick64cpaid+56.3%equal weight52+0.01 edge/pick
0xae45…e211backed Moyuka Uchijima65c38.46$25 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$13.461090%9 W · 1 L+2.8wins+0.28per pick62cpaid+42.1%equal weight59+0.08 edge/pick
0x36b3…e421backed Sofia Costoulas35c38.22$13 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$13.3885250%426 W · 426 L+22.4wins+0.03per pick47cpaid+5.6%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0x29c4…c3b0backed Sofia Costoulas37c36.97$14 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$13.686038.3%23 W · 37 L+0.2wins0.00per pick38cpaid+1.4%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x29a5…a3c4backed Moyuka Uchijima78c34.4$27 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$7.5783047%390 W · 440 L-16.0wins-0.02per pick49cpaid-9.8%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x94fe…d033backed Moyuka Uchijima65c33.85$22 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$11.852100%2 W · 0 L+0.7wins+0.37per pick63cpaid+57.6%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0x305b…cd21backed Moyuka Uchijima65c30.77$20 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$10.7755059.1%325 W · 225 L+12.6wins+0.02per pick57cpaid+4.2%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x35e7…8331backed Sofia Costoulas36c30$11 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$10.82,24742.7%960 W · 1,287 L+33.4wins+0.01per pick41cpaid+6.4%equal weight52+0.01 edge/pick
0x764d…96aebacked Sofia Costoulas34c30$10 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$10.21566.7%10 W · 5 L+2.7wins+0.18per pick49cpaid+27.2%equal weight57+0.07 edge/pick
0xe02f…c990backed Moyuka Uchijima65c29.99$19 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$10.58572.9%62 W · 23 L+4.3wins+0.05per pick68cpaid+5.4%equal weight54+0.04 edge/pick
0x31dd…7159backed Sofia Costoulas37c27.1$10 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$10.0390340.2%363 W · 540 L+4.3wins0.00per pick40cpaid-0.2%equal weight510.00 edge/pick
0xa07d…a037backed Sofia Costoulas37c27.03$10 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$103,27013.8%450 W · 2,820 L-549.1wins-0.17per pick31cpaid-57.4%equal weight31-0.17 edge/pick
0xa877…2e20backed Moyuka Uchijima66c26$17 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$8.9781047.9%388 W · 422 L+30.1wins+0.04per pick44cpaid+9.4%equal weight54+0.04 edge/pick
0x6134…c8ccbacked Moyuka Uchijima65c23.08$15 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$8.0834957.6%201 W · 148 L+6.0wins+0.02per pick56cpaid+1.6%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x25fa…bdd0backed Moyuka Uchijima80c22.5$18 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$4.53265.6%21 W · 11 L-1.1wins-0.04per pick69cpaid-7.9%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x948b…a188backed Moyuka Uchijima64c19.5$12 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$7.021,17451.9%609 W · 565 L+11.8wins+0.01per pick51cpaid-6.3%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x9752…57a9backed Moyuka Uchijima77c19.3$15 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$4.3810972.5%79 W · 30 L+9.4wins+0.09per pick64cpaid+12.9%equal weight58+0.07 edge/pick
0xfa3b…8568backed Moyuka Uchijima80c18.83$15 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$3.779650%48 W · 48 L-5.9wins-0.06per pick56cpaid-15.9%equal weight45-0.05 edge/pick
0xf5a4…d8b4backed Moyuka Uchijima64c15.63$10 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$5.634839.6%19 W · 29 L-0.5wins-0.01per pick41cpaid-18.8%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xa975…42eebacked Moyuka Uchijima64c15.63$10 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$5.6357052.6%300 W · 270 L+0.2wins0.00per pick53cpaid-8.1%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x2ea8…adbabacked Moyuka Uchijima64c15.63$10 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$5.634170.7%29 W · 12 L+4.9wins+0.12per pick59cpaid+18.5%equal weight58+0.07 edge/pick
0x5428…e46abacked Moyuka Uchijima80c12.5$10 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$2.510070%70 W · 30 L+0.5wins+0.01per pick69cpaid-0.4%equal weight500.00 edge/pick

Entry is the average price this wallet paid on the side it backed, so being right at 20c is distinguishable from being right at 95c. Position is what it was left holding in shares, with what it spent underneath. Result opens that one pick on a page of its own, which is the link to send somebody. P/L held is what that position would have been worth held to resolution — not cash the wallet withdrew, because selling early is still a correct forecast. The seven columns on the right describe the wallet’s whole record in Tennis and say nothing about this market.

The rest of this event

Polymarket sells these questions together. 6 in all. TailMyPicks has no name for an event — the venue publishes an identifier and no title — so they are listed by their own questions.

Not every trade counts. A Pick has to clear four thresholds to be scored.

TailMyPicks scores a wallet on what it can actually be judged on: positions held to resolution, in markets with enough volume to be real, at prices where being right was not already priced in.

  • The market traded at least $500.
  • The entry price was between 0.00 and 0.80 — a near-certainty is not a call.
  • The position was at least $10 — dust is not a position.
  • The market has resolved, so there is a right answer to grade against.

Thresholds behind these numbers: set by an operator decision, not measured.