World Politics · resolved market
Will Szymon Hołownia be the next President of Poland?
https://tailmypicks.com/m/0x9067b99e22ed2b8ed4bad7d72ce8eed3706861ae2c3a79f769e13de7c2967e6c
Rebuilt .
What this market resolved to
- Winning outcome
- Noof Yes, No
- Resolved
- US/Eastern, the zone Polymarket writes its markets in
- Scored in
- World Politicsevery record on this page is that Category’s
- Volume Polymarket published
- $5,916,967
- Volume TailMyPicks’s own read summed
- $8,379,631
Both are shown because TailMyPicks only trusts a market it can reconcile: it reads every trade itself and compares its own total against the venue’s before scoring anything. The threshold below was applied to $5,916,967 — the venue’s figure.
Every figure here describes what TailMyPicks scored — positions held to resolution in markets that cleared the thresholds below. It is not a Polymarket account balance, and open positions are not counted anywhere on this site.
Who was on this market
All 80 wallets that hold a qualified pick on this market, biggest position first. Ordered by position size rather than by score, because this is a post-mortem of one market — a strong wallet’s small pick does not belong above a large committed one. Each wallet’s record in World Politics is on its own row, so one correct call here is not mistaken for a track record.
| On this market | This wallet’s whole record in World Politics | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wallet | Entry | Position | Result | P/L held | Qualified picks | Win rate | vs expected | Realizable edge | Avg entry | ROI per pick | Tail Score |
| 0x60cc…f23fbacked Yes | 0c | 99,000$99 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$99 | 182 | 14.8%27 W · 155 L | +11.4wins | +0.06per pick | 9cpaid | +218.2%equal weight | 56+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0xdb22…7ef9backed Yes | 1c | 85,464$1,068 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$1,067.56 | 9 | 66.7%6 W · 3 L | +2.1wins | +0.23per pick | 44cpaid | +45.1%equal weight | 57+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0xaee8…6eebbacked Yes | 0c | 80,000$80 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$80 | 89 | 5.6%5 W · 84 L | -1.5wins | -0.02per pick | 7cpaid | -90.4%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x99a1…b0c3backed Yes | 0c | 55,000$144 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$144 | 513 | 2.9%15 W · 498 L | +3.8wins | +0.01per pick | 2cpaid | +88.7%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x0dfa…c0e3backed Yes | 0c | 54,219$86 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$86.44 | 412 | 1%4 W · 408 L | +3.0wins | +0.01per pick | 0cpaid | +171.2%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xe68a…5e25backed Yes | 0c | 45,797$130 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$130.3 | 29 | 0%0 W · 29 L | -2.2wins | -0.07per pick | 7cpaid | -100%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0x9495…468fbacked Yes | 0c | 45,629$172 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$172.27 | 107 | 34.6%37 W · 70 L | -4.6wins | -0.04per pick | 39cpaid | -23.4%equal weight | 46-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x4d75…a4cbbacked Yes | 0c | 45,078$111 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$110.68 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | 0.00per pick | 0cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x66be…5544backed Yes | 0c | 34,500$41 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$41 | 5 | 20%1 W · 4 L | +0.8wins | +0.15per pick | 5cpaid | +7.3%equal weight | 53+0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x11a5…4032backed Yes | 0c | 27,185$82 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$81.56 | 40 | 5%2 W · 38 L | +1.0wins | +0.03per pick | 2cpaid | -84.5%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xc613…662bbacked Yes | 0c | 26,550$71 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$70.58 | 452 | 1.1%5 W · 447 L | +3.1wins | +0.01per pick | 0cpaid | +156.1%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x570c…7374backed Yes | 3c | 21,969$580 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$580 | 4 | 25%1 W · 3 L | 0.0wins | 0.00per pick | 25cpaid | +8.1%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xb9ee…cf2cbacked Yes | 1c | 20,244$209 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$209.02 | 3 | 0%0 W · 3 L | -1.3wins | -0.44per pick | 44cpaid | -100%equal weight | 45-0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x9c66…6b66backed Yes | 0c | 20,000$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 68 | 4.4%3 W · 65 L | +0.7wins | +0.01per pick | 3cpaid | +417.6%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x12ce…a6abbacked Yes | 0c | 18,400$46 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$46.44 | 5 | 20%1 W · 4 L | +0.8wins | +0.15per pick | 5cpaid | +15.8%equal weight | 53+0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x73db…03b5backed Yes | 1c | 17,696$148 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$148.34 | 3 | 66.7%2 W · 1 L | +1.6wins | +0.52per pick | 15cpaid | +218.8%equal weight | 56+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0x779a…d1a1backed Yes | 1c | 17,471$157 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$157.24 | 2 | 0%0 W · 2 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x6f0e…fc1bbacked Yes | 1c | 16,157$175 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$175.49 | 7 | 28.6%2 W · 5 L | +1.5wins | +0.22per pick | 6cpaid | +40.5%equal weight | 55+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x3b00…b3a1backed Yes | 1c | 15,611$162 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$162.2 | 6 | 16.7%1 W · 5 L | +0.6wins | +0.10per pick | 7cpaid | -6.7%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xfd95…8486backed Yes | 0c | 10,000$30 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$30 | 4 | 50%2 W · 2 L | +1.4wins | +0.35per pick | 15cpaid | +82.8%equal weight | 55+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x3281…a704backed Yes | 0c | 10,000$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10 | 2 | 0%0 W · 2 L | -0.1wins | -0.07per pick | 7cpaid | -100%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x31a1…3dd5backed Yes | 1c | 9,376$100 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$100 | 4 | 0%0 W · 4 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x60dc…ae46backed Yes | 0c | 9,111$25 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$25 | 12 | 16.7%2 W · 10 L | +1.2wins | +0.10per pick | 7cpaid | -11.3%equal weight | 53+0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x7836…de10backed Yes | 1c | 8,508$67 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$67 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x4c3f…1b5abacked Yes | 0c | 7,965$26 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$25.9 | 3 | 66.7%2 W · 1 L | +1.6wins | +0.53per pick | 14cpaid | +223.6%equal weight | 56+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0xf7ca…c72fbacked Yes | 0c | 7,809$16 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$15.62 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | 0.00per pick | 0cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xdda0…a58abacked Yes | 0c | 7,000$30 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$30 | 3 | 33.3%1 W · 2 L | +0.7wins | +0.24per pick | 9cpaid | +113.9%equal weight | 53+0.03 edge/pick |
| 0xb790…d276backed Yes | 0c | 6,861$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 2 | 0%0 W · 2 L | -0.1wins | -0.05per pick | 5cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xe9b3…c12ebacked Yes | 1c | 6,790$54 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$54.32 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x368f…fe1bbacked Yes | 1c | 6,750$61 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$60.75 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xb787…18babacked Yes | 0c | 6,667$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 4 | 50%2 W · 2 L | +1.5wins | +0.38per pick | 12cpaid | +153.7%equal weight | 56+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x0b69…3474backed Yes | 1c | 6,550$52 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$52.4 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xede6…d8efbacked Yes | 1c | 6,050$48 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$48.4 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xe661…f6bbbacked Yes | 1c | 6,000$54 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$54 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xea34…179cbacked Yes | 1c | 5,800$46 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$46.4 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x4a79…181ebacked Yes | 1c | 5,523$55 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$55.23 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x2bd9…584ebacked Yes | 1c | 5,500$50 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$49.5 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x1448…f153backed Yes | 0c | 5,000$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10 | 5 | 40%2 W · 3 L | +1.5wins | +0.31per pick | 9cpaid | +112.4%equal weight | 56+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0xcb9a…cb4dbacked Yes | 3c | 4,999$151 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$150.99 | 7 | 28.6%2 W · 5 L | +0.8wins | +0.11per pick | 18cpaid | +4.8%equal weight | 53+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xa9f9…b3debacked Yes | 2c | 4,674$102 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$102.3 | 78 | 0%0 W · 78 L | -2.8wins | -0.04per pick | 4cpaid | -100%equal weight | 47-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x1bd2…0878backed Yes | 0c | 4,338$17 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$17.35 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | 0.00per pick | 0cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x185d…a6d4backed Yes | 1c | 4,200$38 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$37.8 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x744c…113bbacked Yes | 1c | 4,190$38 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$37.71 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xbff5…28a9backed Yes | 1c | 3,820$41 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$41.25 | 4 | 50%2 W · 2 L | +1.4wins | +0.36per pick | 14cpaid | +106.3%equal weight | 56+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x03d5…a3d0backed Yes | 1c | 3,686$35 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$35.06 | 4 | 50%2 W · 2 L | +1.5wins | +0.38per pick | 12cpaid | +143.2%equal weight | 56+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0xec75…8786backed Yes | 2c | 2,941$50 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$50 | 6 | 0%0 W · 6 L | -1.3wins | -0.21per pick | 21cpaid | -100%equal weight | 45-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xb4f2…7851backed Yes | 1c | 2,558$21 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20.7 | 29 | 41.4%12 W · 17 L | +3.1wins | +0.11per pick | 31cpaid | -30.5%equal weight | 56+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0xb0d8…3461backed Yes | 4c | 2,538$100 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$100 | 2 | 0%0 W · 2 L | -0.8wins | -0.39per pick | 39cpaid | -100%equal weight | 47-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0xa7a7…1166backed Yes | 0c | 2,500$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | 0.00per pick | 0cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xe4e4…ab72backed Yes | 1c | 2,285$22 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$21.88 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x6a5c…2c55backed Yes | 1c | 2,222$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x96a4…4d01backed Yes | 1c | 2,190$23 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$23.36 | 24 | 20.8%5 W · 19 L | +0.4wins | +0.02per pick | 19cpaid | -71%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x7fc6…1eabbacked Yes | 1c | 2,026$30 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$30.03 | 8 | 25%2 W · 6 L | +0.5wins | +0.06per pick | 19cpaid | -28.2%equal weight | 52+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xefbb…65e8backed Yes | 1c | 2,000$16 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$16 | 38 | 0%0 W · 38 L | -0.9wins | -0.02per pick | 2cpaid | -100%equal weight | 48-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x30a5…d157backed Yes | 2c | 1,950$39 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$38.6 | 8 | 12.5%1 W · 7 L | -1.2wins | -0.15per pick | 27cpaid | -82%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xbe4d…a736backed Yes | 1c | 1,750$16 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$15.75 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xde7a…c954backed Yes | 2c | 1,602$27 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$27.46 | 3 | 0%0 W · 3 L | -0.6wins | -0.20per pick | 20cpaid | -100%equal weight | 48-0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x2fd4…35e8backed Yes | 1c | 1,600$14 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$14.4 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xf0b0…8cabbacked Yes | 2c | 1,528$26 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$26.22 | 1,022 | 28%286 W · 736 L | +1.6wins | 0.00per pick | 28cpaid | -34.7%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xb877…4601backed Yes | 1c | 1,484$17 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$16.52 | 4 | 25%1 W · 3 L | +0.3wins | +0.07per pick | 18cpaid | +8.3%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x78f1…2e54backed Yes | 1c | 1,408$19 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$19 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xbb3d…024ebacked Yes | 1c | 1,300$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10.4 | 3 | 33.3%1 W · 2 L | +0.6wins | +0.19per pick | 15cpaid | +66.6%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x691f…d3ecbacked Yes | 2c | 1,243$21 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20.78 | 8 | 0%0 W · 8 L | -1.1wins | -0.14per pick | 14cpaid | -100%equal weight | 46-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x2f8e…4e3bbacked Yes | 1c | 1,180$12 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$12.27 | 8 | 12.5%1 W · 7 L | +0.4wins | +0.05per pick | 8cpaid | -72.2%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x7722…ee4bbacked Yes | 2c | 1,000$16 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$16 | 3 | 0%0 W · 3 L | -0.6wins | -0.21per pick | 21cpaid | -100%equal weight | 48-0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x4fc1…ec92backed Yes | 1c | 1,000$11 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$11 | 18 | 38.9%7 W · 11 L | -1.5wins | -0.09per pick | 47cpaid | -25.2%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xf55e…0c66backed Yes | 2c | 1,000$17 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$17 | 38 | 2.6%1 W · 37 L | -0.4wins | -0.01per pick | 4cpaid | -90.6%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x85bf…cf2bbacked Yes | 1c | 865.01$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10.38 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.01per pick | 1cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x5c4b…4382backed Yes | 6c | 760.47$43 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$42.91 | 17 | 23.5%4 W · 13 L | +0.5wins | +0.03per pick | 21cpaid | -44.8%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xd06b…4faebacked Yes | 3c | 703.8$21 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$21.31 | 8 | 37.5%3 W · 5 L | +1.1wins | +0.14per pick | 24cpaid | +27.2%equal weight | 54+0.03 edge/pick |
| 0xf371…9812backed Yes | 5c | 677.13$31 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$31.05 | 36 | 19.4%7 W · 29 L | +0.7wins | +0.02per pick | 17cpaid | -46.2%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xf1fe…976abacked Yes | 2c | 504.38$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10.22 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.02per pick | 2cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xa88d…221cbacked Yes | 2c | 500$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10 | 24 | 29.2%7 W · 17 L | +1.6wins | +0.07per pick | 23cpaid | +15.5%equal weight | 54+0.03 edge/pick |
| 0xb058…a143backed Yes | 2c | 500$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10 | 5 | 0%0 W · 5 L | -0.1wins | -0.02per pick | 2cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xcd1f…1f0ebacked Yes | 2c | 500$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.02per pick | 2cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x4a89…71adbacked Yes | 3c | 450$15 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$15 | 7 | 14.3%1 W · 6 L | -0.1wins | -0.01per pick | 15cpaid | -77.3%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x8e8d…5a27backed Yes | 4c | 364.82$15 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$14.76 | 125 | 6.4%8 W · 117 L | -1.7wins | -0.01per pick | 8cpaid | -14.9%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x21b6…83d8backed Yes | 3c | 334$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10.02 | 2 | 0%0 W · 2 L | 0.0wins | -0.02per pick | 2cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x9521…766bbacked Yes | 4c | 295$12 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$11.8 | 1 | 0%0 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | -0.04per pick | 4cpaid | -100%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x67a9…c417backed Yes | 6c | 251.27$15 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$14.89 | 55 | 18.2%10 W · 45 L | -4.0wins | -0.07per pick | 25cpaid | -46.6%equal weight | 44-0.05 edge/pick |
Entry is the average price this wallet paid on the side it backed, so being right at 20c is distinguishable from being right at 95c. Position is what it was left holding in shares, with what it spent underneath. Result opens that one pick on a page of its own, which is the link to send somebody. P/L held is what that position would have been worth held to resolution — not cash the wallet withdrew, because selling early is still a correct forecast. The seven columns on the right describe the wallet’s whole record in World Politics and say nothing about this market.
The rest of this event
Polymarket sells these questions together. 16 in all. TailMyPicks has no name for an event — the venue publishes an identifier and no title — so they are listed by their own questions.
- Will Szymon Hołownia be the next President of Poland?this page
- Will Adrian Zandberg be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Agnieszka Dziemianowicz-Bąk be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Artur Bartoszewicz be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Grzegorz Braun be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Joanna Senyszyn be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Karol Nawrocki be the next President of Poland?Yes won
- Will Krzysztof Stanowski be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Maciej Maciak be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Magdalena Biejat be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Marek Jakubiak be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Marek Woch be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Rafał Trzaskowski be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Romuald Starosielec be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Sławomir Mentzen be the next President of Poland?No won
- Will Waldemar Witkowski be the next President of Poland?No won
Not every trade counts. A Pick has to clear four thresholds to be scored.
TailMyPicks scores a wallet on what it can actually be judged on: positions held to resolution, in markets with enough volume to be real, at prices where being right was not already priced in.
- The market traded at least $500.
- The entry price was between 0.00 and 0.80 — a near-certainty is not a call.
- The position was at least $10 — dust is not a position.
- The market has resolved, so there is a right answer to grade against.
Thresholds behind these numbers: set by an operator decision, not measured.