TailMyPicks

Check any Polymarket wallet’s real record.

Tennis · resolved market

Australian Open Men's: Joao Fonseca vs Eliot Spizzirri

Rebuilt .

What this market resolved to

Winning outcome
Spizzirriof Fonseca, Spizzirri
Resolved
US/Eastern, the zone Polymarket writes its markets in
Scored in
Tennisevery record on this page is that Category’s
Volume Polymarket published
$158,108
Volume TailMyPicks’s own read summed
$168,268

Both are shown because TailMyPicks only trusts a market it can reconcile: it reads every trade itself and compares its own total against the venue’s before scoring anything. The threshold below was applied to $158,108 the venue’s figure.

Every figure here describes what TailMyPicks scored — positions held to resolution in markets that cleared the thresholds below. It is not a Polymarket account balance, and open positions are not counted anywhere on this site.

Who was on this market

The 100 largest positions, of 187 wallets holding a qualified pick here — biggest first. This page details 100 at most, and the number beside it is the real one. Ordered by position size rather than by score, because this is a post-mortem of one market — a strong wallet’s small pick does not belong above a large committed one. Each wallet’s record in Tennis is on its own row, so one correct call here is not mistaken for a track record.

On this marketThis wallet’s whole record in Tennis
WalletEntryPositionResultP/L heldQualified picksWin ratevs expectedRealizable edgeAvg entryROI per pickTail Score
0x779a…ca34backed Spizzirri38c30,000$11,450 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$18,549.894060%24 W · 16 L+3.1wins+0.08per pick52cpaid+11%equal weight55+0.05 edge/pick
0x40ed…4ae2backed Fonseca62c14,840$9,201 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$9,200.51450%2 W · 2 L-0.6wins-0.15per pick65cpaid-25.7%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x2005…75eabacked Spizzirri62c8,778$5,422 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$3,356.8611,66643.4%5,059 W · 6,607 L+22.2wins0.00per pick43cpaid-20%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x204f…5e14backed Spizzirri59c6,959$4,095 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$2,864.068,24145.5%3,746 W · 4,495 L+166.2wins+0.02per pick43cpaid-16.4%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0xda35…ff0ebacked Fonseca35c6,672$2,335 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,334.7459151.6%305 W · 286 L+4.3wins+0.01per pick51cpaid+0.3%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x15fe…86bebacked Fonseca38c6,003$2,291 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,291.255444.4%24 W · 30 L-1.8wins-0.03per pick48cpaid-22.5%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0x6b7c…5f83backed Spizzirri62c5,922$3,672 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$2,249.812,42647.3%1,148 W · 1,278 L+45.2wins+0.02per pick45cpaid-13.4%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0xd218…b5c9backed Fonseca34c5,015$1,686 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1,685.596,79236.9%2,505 W · 4,287 L-98.2wins-0.01per pick38cpaid-20.3%equal weight48-0.01 edge/pick
0x9fa9…c100backed Spizzirri38c5,000$1,900 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$3,099.9943051.2%220 W · 210 L+5.2wins+0.01per pick50cpaid+2.1%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0xb786…b18dbacked Fonseca60c4,666$2,808 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,808.4639144.2%173 W · 218 L-4.7wins-0.01per pick45cpaid-6.7%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xf988…d63bbacked Fonseca62c4,500$2,790 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,7906331.7%20 W · 43 L-6.4wins-0.10per pick42cpaid-38.3%equal weight42-0.07 edge/pick
0x7d07…0351backed Fonseca50c4,106$2,065 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,06513844.2%61 W · 77 L+3.9wins+0.03per pick41cpaid-7.1%equal weight53+0.02 edge/pick
0xfed7…e405backed Fonseca60c4,000$2,400 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,40014940.9%61 W · 88 L-7.6wins-0.05per pick46cpaid-2.8%equal weight45-0.04 edge/pick
0x4ffe…9f71backed Fonseca0c3,678$12 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$11.942,3317.9%183 W · 2,148 L-56.9wins-0.02per pick10cpaid-60.4%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0xa8ca…d535backed Fonseca65c3,054$2,000 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2,0004673.9%34 W · 12 L+3.2wins+0.07per pick67cpaid+11.9%equal weight55+0.04 edge/pick
0x3257…2f3bbacked Fonseca64c3,000$1,920 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1,92044360%266 W · 177 L+2.4wins+0.01per pick59cpaid-1.6%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0xa2e4…bf9dbacked Spizzirri40c3,000$1,200 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$1,799.9918047.2%85 W · 95 L0.0wins0.00per pick47cpaid-5.5%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x66b1…340fbacked Fonseca63c2,613$1,644 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1,643.61,16144.3%514 W · 647 L+1.0wins0.00per pick44cpaid-5.7%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xc9cd…432cbacked Fonseca24c2,612$622 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$621.995457.4%31 W · 23 L+1.3wins+0.02per pick55cpaid+0.9%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x9f13…e0fdbacked Fonseca60c2,342$1,405 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1,404.976140.6%309 W · 452 L-15.3wins-0.02per pick43cpaid-6.4%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x2652…2a1dbacked Spizzirri44c2,284$994 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$1,289.422,48945.2%1,126 W · 1,363 L-27.4wins-0.01per pick46cpaid-21.5%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x1997…2e36backed Spizzirri37c2,000$740 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$1,2608158%47 W · 34 L+4.4wins+0.05per pick53cpaid+6.7%equal weight55+0.04 edge/pick
0xb229…7298backed Spizzirri38c1,953$742 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$1,210.572842.9%12 W · 16 L-1.0wins-0.04per pick46cpaid-6%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x0b5e…61b4backed Fonseca63c1,626$1,028 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1,027.7137544.3%166 W · 209 L-7.2wins-0.02per pick46cpaid-14.8%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x33c9…6f9abacked Spizzirri37c1,600$599 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$1,000.4894355.7%525 W · 418 L+22.8wins+0.02per pick53cpaid+0.9%equal weight53+0.02 edge/pick
0x7ca1…aea0backed Spizzirri40c1,423$569 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$853.51,16137.6%437 W · 724 L-27.8wins-0.02per pick40cpaid-7.1%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0xf41a…ea2bbacked Fonseca62c1,393$863 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$863.3727944.1%123 W · 156 L+5.4wins+0.02per pick42cpaid+1.1%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x9e5c…d8e6backed Spizzirri33c1,391$460 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$930.541,09035.9%391 W · 699 L+16.2wins+0.01per pick34cpaid-6.3%equal weight52+0.01 edge/pick
0x73d4…dbd6backed Spizzirri45c1,348$604 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$743.6833256%186 W · 146 L-3.1wins-0.01per pick57cpaid-2.9%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x9d94…017dbacked Fonseca30c1,090$322 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$322.262,06834.9%721 W · 1,347 L-44.2wins-0.02per pick37cpaid-25.6%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0xb77e…e668backed Spizzirri38c1,048$400 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$648.4219846%91 W · 107 L-1.5wins-0.01per pick47cpaid-2.3%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x1660…9d86backed Fonseca47c1,040$484 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$4848964%57 W · 32 L+2.8wins+0.03per pick61cpaid+2.2%equal weight53+0.02 edge/pick
0x479e…91c3backed Fonseca65c1,000$650 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$65044263.6%281 W · 161 L-7.2wins-0.02per pick65cpaid-4.6%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0xde04…fa37backed Fonseca58c984$568 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$568.381,10742.8%474 W · 633 L-20.0wins-0.02per pick45cpaid-16.7%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x3b48…ecadbacked Fonseca32c937.5$300 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$300837.5%3 W · 5 L-1.4wins-0.17per pick55cpaid-40.4%equal weight45-0.04 edge/pick
0x77f2…55aebacked Spizzirri54c925.93$500 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$425.932100%2 W · 0 L+0.9wins+0.46per pick54cpaid+86%equal weight54+0.03 edge/pick
0x507e…beaebacked Fonseca56c872.66$485 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$484.547,01843.2%3,031 W · 3,987 L+124.9wins+0.02per pick41cpaid-9.8%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x081e…f76ebacked Fonseca45c829.99$374 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$373.91,44648.8%706 W · 740 L-1.6wins0.00per pick49cpaid0%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x0306…dcf6backed Fonseca62c806.45$500 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$50014663%92 W · 54 L-2.1wins-0.01per pick64cpaid-5.8%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x6a89…196fbacked Spizzirri52c732.89$380 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$352.893956.4%22 W · 17 L+0.7wins+0.02per pick55cpaid-4.2%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x6d3c…d294backed Spizzirri36c715.47$257 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$458.112,44451.3%1,254 W · 1,190 L+14.1wins+0.01per pick51cpaid+0.2%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x35b4…0f65backed Fonseca12c700$85 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$853625%9 W · 27 L+1.1wins+0.03per pick22cpaid-4.8%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0xe1f1…3a05backed Spizzirri38c650.09$248 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$402.4922337.7%84 W · 139 L+3.4wins+0.02per pick36cpaid+7.6%equal weight52+0.01 edge/pick
0xec5b…aff2backed Fonseca60c647.83$389 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$388.711046.4%51 W · 59 L+1.2wins+0.01per pick45cpaid+9.8%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x5eb8…5466backed Spizzirri39c641.03$250 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$391.033441.2%14 W · 20 L+0.5wins+0.01per pick40cpaid-1.6%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x972b…78babacked Spizzirri47c635.94$298 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$338.212,98239.1%1,167 W · 1,815 L-109.1wins-0.04per pick43cpaid-30.2%equal weight46-0.04 edge/pick
0xd6a3…9489backed Spizzirri61c634.5$385 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$249.112,74630.8%846 W · 1,900 L-67.1wins-0.02per pick33cpaid-36.1%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0x05e3…4b87backed Fonseca62c612.9$380 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$38013852.9%73 W · 65 L-4.3wins-0.03per pick56cpaid-7.6%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0x0f8e…3082backed Fonseca45c577.41$262 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$262.321,21841.1%500 W · 718 L-30.1wins-0.02per pick44cpaid-16%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0x2930…4cf8backed Fonseca7c555$39 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$38.8512631%39 W · 87 L-0.5wins0.00per pick31cpaid-6.8%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xf332…3c89backed Fonseca56c538.84$300 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$30040141.9%168 W · 233 L+9.3wins+0.02per pick40cpaid+2%equal weight52+0.02 edge/pick
0x4411…985ebacked Spizzirri46c526.34$240 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$286.452,15054.1%1,164 W · 986 L-1.7wins0.00per pick54cpaid-2.3%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x9b3a…df40backed Fonseca64c500$320 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$32023847.1%112 W · 126 L+0.8wins0.00per pick47cpaid-1.7%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x4f91…40adbacked Fonseca61c500$305 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$3051145.5%5 W · 6 L-0.2wins-0.02per pick47cpaid-23.1%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x2179…2fe8backed Fonseca62c483.87$300 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$300366.7%2 W · 1 L+0.1wins+0.02per pick65cpaid+1.1%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xb26c…5a58backed Fonseca63c390.62$246 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$246.091838.9%7 W · 11 L-0.9wins-0.05per pick44cpaid-30.3%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x4cb9…3783backed Fonseca63c350$221 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$220.522840.4%92 W · 136 L-0.7wins0.00per pick41cpaid-4.8%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x9086…4d46backed Fonseca62c322.58$200 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$2001,85348.4%897 W · 956 L-32.2wins-0.02per pick50cpaid-3.8%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0xca39…4ed7backed Fonseca62c320.97$199 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$19914060.7%85 W · 55 L-2.5wins-0.02per pick62cpaid-2.8%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x84f7…ade1backed Spizzirri36c315$113 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$201.61,02933.5%345 W · 684 L-3.7wins0.00per pick34cpaid-5.8%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x03f7…c0ccbacked Fonseca62c272$169 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$168.642123.8%5 W · 16 L-5.2wins-0.25per pick48cpaid-59.3%equal weight37-0.11 edge/pick
0x7c79…8b69backed Spizzirri37c270.27$100 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$170.276150.8%31 W · 30 L-0.1wins0.00per pick51cpaid-0.2%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xee28…8266backed Fonseca40c264$105 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$105.3410443.3%45 W · 59 L+11.5wins+0.11per pick32cpaid+12%equal weight60+0.09 edge/pick
0x6ad8…9bc1backed Spizzirri62c254.5$158 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$96.413834.1%47 W · 91 L-8.2wins-0.06per pick40cpaid-42.3%equal weight44-0.05 edge/pick
0x10b0…8525backed Spizzirri37c250$92 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$158.543042.8%184 W · 246 L-8.6wins-0.02per pick45cpaid-7.4%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x9f0f…a571backed Spizzirri40c250$100 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$15037339.1%146 W · 227 L-11.7wins-0.03per pick42cpaid-12.9%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0xd402…5a50backed Fonseca50c250$125 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$12529661.5%182 W · 114 L+8.4wins+0.03per pick59cpaid+5%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0xcdb8…abbebacked Spizzirri38c240.85$91 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$149.7219023.2%44 W · 146 L-10.8wins-0.06per pick29cpaid-23.6%equal weight44-0.05 edge/pick
0xefde…6505backed Fonseca62c240.7$149 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$149.232445.8%11 W · 13 L-0.2wins-0.01per pick47cpaid-1.3%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0xf18a…e4e5backed Fonseca37c236.54$86 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$86.432,34351.6%1,209 W · 1,134 L+95.2wins+0.04per pick48cpaid+0.3%equal weight54+0.04 edge/pick
0x50a0…440cbacked Spizzirri38c231.57$87 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$144.571625%4 W · 12 L-2.3wins-0.14per pick39cpaid-48.6%equal weight44-0.06 edge/pick
0x5e30…acbfbacked Fonseca60c217.88$131 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$130.737,75347.8%3,703 W · 4,050 L+39.5wins+0.01per pick47cpaid+1.2%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0xe911…3d4ebacked Fonseca37c201.16$75 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$74.634,47451.7%2,311 W · 2,163 L+133.7wins+0.03per pick49cpaid+0.1%equal weight53+0.03 edge/pick
0x87a4…953ebacked Fonseca56c200$113 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1131,05655.4%585 W · 471 L-22.8wins-0.02per pick58cpaid-8.8%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x5f07…9d0fbacked Fonseca64c200$128 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$12870752.8%373 W · 334 L-18.5wins-0.03per pick55cpaid-5.2%equal weight47-0.03 edge/pick
0x9dd9…08bdbacked Fonseca60c200$120 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1201,85244.5%825 W · 1,027 L-20.3wins-0.01per pick46cpaid-18.8%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xb583…3428backed Fonseca63c200$125 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1255554.5%30 W · 25 L-0.3wins-0.01per pick55cpaid-2.6%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x8217…4936backed Spizzirri74c193.63$143 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$50.68645.3%39 W · 47 L-1.5wins-0.02per pick47cpaid-12.3%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x3ffa…f2cfbacked Spizzirri61c179.27$109 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$69.887041.4%29 W · 41 L-2.3wins-0.03per pick45cpaid-23.9%equal weight47-0.02 edge/pick
0x4fab…708bbacked Spizzirri41c170.99$70 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$100.991,27630.4%388 W · 888 L-11.5wins-0.01per pick31cpaid-6.6%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x85c2…9730backed Fonseca60c165$99 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$9951849.4%256 W · 262 L-1.7wins0.00per pick50cpaid-0.1%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x650b…683fbacked Fonseca62c162$100 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$100.444463.6%28 W · 16 L+0.7wins+0.01per pick62cpaid-4.9%equal weight51+0.01 edge/pick
0x4c60…2227backed Fonseca62c160$99 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$99.210532.4%34 W · 71 L-10.6wins-0.10per pick43cpaid-29.2%equal weight41-0.08 edge/pick
0xe6a5…e95dbacked Fonseca64c156.25$100 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$10073350.9%373 W · 360 L-10.8wins-0.01per pick52cpaid-0.7%equal weight48-0.01 edge/pick
0xc7ad…6b4cbacked Fonseca64c156.25$100 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1001850%9 W · 9 L-2.8wins-0.16per pick66cpaid-25.8%equal weight43-0.06 edge/pick
0x1733…dc80backed Fonseca64c156.25$100 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$1005032%16 W · 34 L-4.4wins-0.09per pick41cpaid-42.2%equal weight43-0.06 edge/pick
0x6eac…5bc2backed Fonseca65c154.47$101 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$100.524245.2%19 W · 23 L-5.3wins-0.13per pick58cpaid+18.2%equal weight41-0.08 edge/pick
0xb740…2ec1backed Fonseca66c151.52$100 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$10035157%200 W · 151 L-13.4wins-0.04per pick61cpaid-6.4%equal weight46-0.04 edge/pick
0x25bf…7a56backed Fonseca59c151.25$89 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$89.122,33946.6%1,090 W · 1,249 L+55.7wins+0.02per pick44cpaid-1.5%equal weight53+0.02 edge/pick
0xf73f…8ba0backed Fonseca61c150.16$92 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$91.632937.4%123 W · 206 L-13.5wins-0.04per pick41cpaid-7%equal weight46-0.04 edge/pick
0x6456…60e2backed Fonseca7c150$11 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$10.54010%4 W · 36 L-3.7wins-0.09per pick19cpaid-80%equal weight44-0.06 edge/pick
0x1b3c…243bbacked Fonseca64c148.44$95 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$95728.6%2 W · 5 L-1.2wins-0.17per pick45cpaid-56.3%equal weight46-0.04 edge/pick
0xab2d…b1aabacked Spizzirri69c141.3$98 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$43.789348.4%45 W · 48 L-1.2wins-0.01per pick50cpaid-14.5%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xc669…53eabacked Fonseca63c136$86 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$85.687266.7%48 W · 24 L-0.1wins0.00per pick67cpaid-2.8%equal weight500.00 edge/pick
0x1455…e5cdbacked Spizzirri37c136$50 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$85.6831332.3%101 W · 212 L-6.2wins-0.02per pick34cpaid-2.5%equal weight48-0.02 edge/pick
0x38fc…d2a7backed Fonseca62c130.32$81 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$80.83135.5%11 W · 20 L-4.4wins-0.14per pick50cpaid-34.8%equal weight41-0.08 edge/pick
0x555c…dc37backed Fonseca62c129.03$80 inLost — open this pick on its own page-$8010654.7%58 W · 48 L-1.3wins-0.01per pick56cpaid-3.1%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0x3adc…972dbacked Spizzirri39c128.21$50 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$78.211861.1%11 W · 7 L+1.6wins+0.09per pick52cpaid+11%equal weight54+0.04 edge/pick
0xc688…5987backed Spizzirri42c119$50 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$69.029744.3%43 W · 54 L-1.1wins-0.01per pick46cpaid-14.8%equal weight49-0.01 edge/pick
0xb38c…b2c9backed Spizzirri41c118$48 inWon — open this pick on its own page+$69.6238048.4%184 W · 196 L+1.8wins0.00per pick48cpaid+2.9%equal weight500.00 edge/pick

Entry is the average price this wallet paid on the side it backed, so being right at 20c is distinguishable from being right at 95c. Position is what it was left holding in shares, with what it spent underneath. Result opens that one pick on a page of its own, which is the link to send somebody. P/L held is what that position would have been worth held to resolution — not cash the wallet withdrew, because selling early is still a correct forecast. The seven columns on the right describe the wallet’s whole record in Tennis and say nothing about this market.

The rest of this event

Polymarket sells these questions together. 8 in all. TailMyPicks has no name for an event — the venue publishes an identifier and no title — so they are listed by their own questions.

Not every trade counts. A Pick has to clear four thresholds to be scored.

TailMyPicks scores a wallet on what it can actually be judged on: positions held to resolution, in markets with enough volume to be real, at prices where being right was not already priced in.

  • The market traded at least $500.
  • The entry price was between 0.00 and 0.80 — a near-certainty is not a call.
  • The position was at least $10 — dust is not a position.
  • The market has resolved, so there is a right answer to grade against.

Thresholds behind these numbers: set by an operator decision, not measured.