La Liga · resolved market
Real Madrid vs. Celta Vigo: O/U 2.5
https://tailmypicks.com/m/0x52ce4d7a29f4a5a1edb6e0a1cfdba5a15f902398e59fd34bfe128e141db9341d
Rebuilt .
What this market resolved to
- Winning outcome
- Underof Over, Under
- Resolved
- US/Eastern, the zone Polymarket writes its markets in
- Scored in
- La Ligaevery record on this page is that Category’s
- Volume Polymarket published
- $95,790
- Volume TailMyPicks’s own read summed
- $87,312
Both are shown because TailMyPicks only trusts a market it can reconcile: it reads every trade itself and compares its own total against the venue’s before scoring anything. The threshold below was applied to $95,790 — the venue’s figure.
Every figure here describes what TailMyPicks scored — positions held to resolution in markets that cleared the thresholds below. It is not a Polymarket account balance, and open positions are not counted anywhere on this site.
Who was on this market
All 82 wallets that hold a qualified pick on this market, biggest position first. Ordered by position size rather than by score, because this is a post-mortem of one market — a strong wallet’s small pick does not belong above a large committed one. Each wallet’s record in La Liga is on its own row, so one correct call here is not mistaken for a track record.
| On this market | This wallet’s whole record in La Liga | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wallet | Entry | Position | Result | P/L held | Qualified picks | Win rate | vs expected | Realizable edge | Avg entry | ROI per pick | Tail Score |
| 0x204f…5e14backed Under | 51c | 34,462$17,661 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$16,800.64 | 4,740 | 47%2,230 W · 2,510 L | -23.9wins | -0.01per pick | 48cpaid | -10.8%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x16b2…a881backed Under | 30c | 23,124$6,937 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$16,186.62 | 89 | 57.3%51 W · 38 L | +7.2wins | +0.08per pick | 49cpaid | +16.9%equal weight | 57+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0xf5d0…d9e8backed Over | 67c | 20,209$13,616 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$13,615.62 | 16 | 25%4 W · 12 L | -4.1wins | -0.26per pick | 51cpaid | -58.5%equal weight | 39-0.10 edge/pick |
| 0xd6a3…9489backed Over | 33c | 15,267$5,089 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$5,088.9 | 691 | 42.5%294 W · 397 L | -21.4wins | -0.03per pick | 46cpaid | -14%equal weight | 47-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x11cf…2674backed Over | 70c | 9,292$6,504 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$6,504.4 | 21 | 61.9%13 W · 8 L | +0.1wins | 0.00per pick | 61cpaid | -1.7%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x49b6…170cbacked Over | 3c | 7,924$238 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$237.73 | 10 | 40%4 W · 6 L | +0.6wins | +0.06per pick | 34cpaid | -19.5%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x0d0f…a318backed Over | 55c | 6,500$3,575 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$3,575 | 49 | 22.4%11 W · 38 L | -3.5wins | -0.07per pick | 30cpaid | -43.8%equal weight | 45-0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x4d3e…783bbacked Over | 55c | 5,000$2,750 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$2,750 | 38 | 60.5%23 W · 15 L | +2.9wins | +0.08per pick | 53cpaid | +18.4%equal weight | 55+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x51eb…6bfabacked Over | 70c | 2,143$1,500 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$1,500 | 208 | 57.7%120 W · 88 L | +2.1wins | +0.01per pick | 57cpaid | +0.8%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xba26…23c9backed Under | 30c | 1,551$465 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$1,085.7 | 234 | 52.6%123 W · 111 L | -4.6wins | -0.02per pick | 55cpaid | -3%equal weight | 48-0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x908a…ad16backed Under | 48c | 1,420$682 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$738.08 | 559 | 41.1%230 W · 329 L | -11.1wins | -0.02per pick | 43cpaid | -12.6%equal weight | 48-0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x23fe…9788backed Under | 43c | 1,237$527 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$710.21 | 252 | 48.4%122 W · 130 L | +1.3wins | +0.01per pick | 48cpaid | -5.8%equal weight | 510.00 edge/pick |
| 0xe90b…5da2backed Under | 45c | 1,214$546 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$667.84 | 104 | 38.5%40 W · 64 L | -8.6wins | -0.08per pick | 47cpaid | -15.4%equal weight | 43-0.07 edge/pick |
| 0xa04d…1488backed Under | 30c | 1,000$300 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$700 | 99 | 23.2%23 W · 76 L | -2.5wins | -0.03per pick | 26cpaid | -18.3%equal weight | 48-0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xc443…359bbacked Over | 70c | 967.19$677 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$677.03 | 216 | 41.7%90 W · 126 L | +4.1wins | +0.02per pick | 40cpaid | +4.1%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xe671…a682backed Over | 51c | 800$406 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$406 | 81 | 42%34 W · 47 L | +2.3wins | +0.03per pick | 39cpaid | +5.4%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x3486…49eebacked Over | 70c | 714.29$500 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$500 | 265 | 45.3%120 W · 145 L | -1.0wins | 0.00per pick | 46cpaid | +7%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x8dcf…146ebacked Over | 70c | 714.29$500 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$500 | 19 | 42.1%8 W · 11 L | -0.5wins | -0.03per pick | 45cpaid | -8.9%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xb960…8c47backed Over | 9c | 700$64 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$64 | 6 | 50%3 W · 3 L | +2.2wins | +0.37per pick | 13cpaid | +508.5%equal weight | 58+0.07 edge/pick |
| 0x1901…21c8backed Under | 75c | 666.67$500 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$166.67 | 4 | 50%2 W · 2 L | 0.0wins | +0.01per pick | 49cpaid | -32.3%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x22b2…e7cfbacked Over | 70c | 628.92$441 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$440.82 | 99 | 66.7%66 W · 33 L | +1.0wins | +0.01per pick | 66cpaid | +0.1%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x9b25…b5ccbacked Over | 70c | 602.86$422 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$422 | 20 | 55%11 W · 9 L | -1.8wins | -0.09per pick | 64cpaid | -14.5%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xa573…f034backed Over | 27c | 500$135 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$135 | 3 | 33.3%1 W · 2 L | 0.0wins | +0.01per pick | 32cpaid | +1%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x4133…5e70backed Over | 38c | 436.69$166 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$165.56 | 908 | 43.6%396 W · 512 L | -9.4wins | -0.01per pick | 45cpaid | -8.4%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xc449…2239backed Over | 72c | 416.67$300 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$300 | 6 | 66.7%4 W · 2 L | +0.2wins | +0.04per pick | 63cpaid | +17.5%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x3fe8…1fd3backed Over | 48c | 400$192 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$192 | 129 | 17.8%23 W · 106 L | -5.4wins | -0.04per pick | 22cpaid | -33.5%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xb891…969bbacked Over | 51c | 369.35$188 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$188.37 | 209 | 45%94 W · 115 L | +5.5wins | +0.03per pick | 42cpaid | +14.3%equal weight | 53+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x6b7c…5f83backed Over | 16c | 361.28$57 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$56.67 | 307 | 43.6%134 W · 173 L | -1.3wins | 0.00per pick | 44cpaid | -15.8%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xfe78…db98backed Over | 29c | 347$101 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$100.63 | 29 | 41.4%12 W · 17 L | +0.2wins | +0.01per pick | 41cpaid | -11.2%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0xda91…6cc9backed Over | 49c | 333.9$164 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$163.61 | 14 | 21.4%3 W · 11 L | -3.8wins | -0.27per pick | 48cpaid | -57.7%equal weight | 39-0.10 edge/pick |
| 0x2d1b…f055backed Under | 33c | 303.03$100 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$203.03 | 3 | 100%3 W · 0 L | +1.3wins | +0.44per pick | 56cpaid | +103.8%equal weight | 55+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0xa5b3…0476backed Over | 48c | 291.67$140 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$140 | 27 | 40.7%11 W · 16 L | -3.5wins | -0.13per pick | 54cpaid | -30.5%equal weight | 42-0.07 edge/pick |
| 0x4ee7…0ba8backed Over | 69c | 289.86$200 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$200 | 25 | 52%13 W · 12 L | -2.0wins | -0.08per pick | 60cpaid | -6.4%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0x96ec…fcc4backed Over | 68c | 270.79$184 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$184.14 | 21 | 57.1%12 W · 9 L | +0.9wins | +0.04per pick | 53cpaid | +11.8%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xc2d1…84a2backed Over | 67c | 200$134 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$134 | 76 | 44.7%34 W · 42 L | +4.1wins | +0.05per pick | 39cpaid | +20.6%equal weight | 54+0.04 edge/pick |
| 0x4a8d…31eabacked Over | 69c | 179.71$124 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$124 | 494 | 47%232 W · 262 L | +8.3wins | +0.02per pick | 45cpaid | +1.7%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xfb20…3b5cbacked Under | 56c | 178.57$100 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$78.57 | 231 | 52.8%122 W · 109 L | +3.7wins | +0.02per pick | 51cpaid | +2.8%equal weight | 52+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x0d20…f812backed Over | 35c | 160.14$56 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$56 | 308 | 42.9%132 W · 176 L | +5.7wins | +0.02per pick | 41cpaid | -1.2%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x9453…22cfbacked Over | 70c | 160$112 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$112 | 5 | 20%1 W · 4 L | -1.6wins | -0.32per pick | 52cpaid | -66.1%equal weight | 44-0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x6881…525dbacked Over | 62c | 157$97 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$97.34 | 8 | 25%2 W · 6 L | -2.1wins | -0.26per pick | 51cpaid | -57.8%equal weight | 43-0.06 edge/pick |
| 0x426a…128bbacked Under | 51c | 154.25$79 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$75.15 | 55 | 43.6%24 W · 31 L | -2.3wins | -0.04per pick | 48cpaid | -18.3%equal weight | 47-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0xc40f…1950backed Over | 70c | 140$98 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$98 | 16 | 56.3%9 W · 7 L | -0.6wins | -0.04per pick | 60cpaid | -10.9%equal weight | 48-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x8aea…ec91backed Under | 30c | 133.23$40 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$93.26 | 45 | 53.3%24 W · 21 L | +0.3wins | +0.01per pick | 53cpaid | -2.4%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x042a…6bcfbacked Over | 70c | 126.93$89 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$88.85 | 3 | 0%0 W · 3 L | -1.7wins | -0.58per pick | 58cpaid | -100%equal weight | 43-0.06 edge/pick |
| 0x70a1…978abacked Over | 37c | 122.66$45 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$45 | 262 | 42.7%112 W · 150 L | +4.5wins | +0.02per pick | 41cpaid | -1%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x84f7…ade1backed Over | 70c | 111$78 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$77.7 | 232 | 50.4%117 W · 115 L | +11.2wins | +0.05per pick | 46cpaid | +8.8%equal weight | 55+0.04 edge/pick |
| 0x13a5…a875backed Over | 32c | 107.72$34 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$34.47 | 3 | 33.3%1 W · 2 L | -0.8wins | -0.26per pick | 59cpaid | -53.7%equal weight | 47-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0xf102…1348backed Under | 28c | 104.33$29 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$75.12 | 489 | 34.4%168 W · 321 L | +26.5wins | +0.05per pick | 29cpaid | +15.3%equal weight | 56+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x16b3…07f2backed Over | 48c | 104.17$50 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$50 | 20 | 60%12 W · 8 L | +1.9wins | +0.09per pick | 51cpaid | +26.8%equal weight | 55+0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xeab3…c6bbbacked Over | 70c | 100$70 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$70 | 20 | 30%6 W · 14 L | -2.0wins | -0.10per pick | 40cpaid | -23.8%equal weight | 45-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0x051c…f25dbacked Over | 40c | 100$40 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$40 | 44 | 38.6%17 W · 27 L | -0.8wins | -0.02per pick | 41cpaid | -2.7%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x84f2…1e32backed Over | 70c | 94.59$66 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$66.21 | 10 | 70%7 W · 3 L | +0.6wins | +0.06per pick | 64cpaid | +18.4%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x9f56…f93cbacked Over | 52c | 92.31$48 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$48 | 10 | 20%2 W · 8 L | -2.4wins | -0.24per pick | 44cpaid | -52.4%equal weight | 43-0.07 edge/pick |
| 0x1170…8398backed Over | 70c | 85.71$60 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$60 | 78 | 43.6%34 W · 44 L | -3.9wins | -0.05per pick | 49cpaid | -12%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xb063…c9d1backed Over | 53c | 84.91$45 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$45 | 46 | 52.2%24 W · 22 L | +0.2wins | 0.00per pick | 52cpaid | +1.4%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x2c2e…a948backed Over | 70c | 79.17$55 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$55.42 | 175 | 41.1%72 W · 103 L | -1.6wins | -0.01per pick | 42cpaid | -2.8%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0x6a5c…b3f2backed Under | 51c | 76.72$39 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$37.4 | 150 | 51.3%77 W · 73 L | +3.3wins | +0.02per pick | 49cpaid | -1.5%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0xf237…46edbacked Over | 53c | 75.47$40 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$40 | 8 | 12.5%1 W · 7 L | -0.9wins | -0.11per pick | 23cpaid | -74.6%equal weight | 47-0.03 edge/pick |
| 0xd235…6eebbacked Over | 48c | 72.25$35 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$34.68 | 117 | 41.9%49 W · 68 L | +8.3wins | +0.07per pick | 35cpaid | +20.5%equal weight | 56+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0x3eb0…8826backed Over | 22c | 68.18$15 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$15 | 37 | 51.4%19 W · 18 L | +3.4wins | +0.09per pick | 42cpaid | +10.7%equal weight | 56+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x89f2…beb8backed Over | 42c | 66.49$28 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$27.68 | 3 | 0%0 W · 3 L | -1.1wins | -0.35per pick | 35cpaid | -100%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0x6503…09f6backed Over | 32c | 62.5$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 6 | 33.3%2 W · 4 L | -0.5wins | -0.09per pick | 42cpaid | +1.2%equal weight | 48-0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x2e7f…bce6backed Over | 70c | 57.14$40 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$40 | 6 | 16.7%1 W · 5 L | -1.3wins | -0.22per pick | 38cpaid | -77.8%equal weight | 45-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0xd62d…02ccbacked Over | 70c | 42.86$30 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$30 | 29 | 58.6%17 W · 12 L | -0.1wins | 0.00per pick | 59cpaid | -3.6%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x3880…ab7dbacked Over | 62c | 40.32$25 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$25 | 174 | 58.6%102 W · 72 L | +3.2wins | +0.02per pick | 57cpaid | +5.4%equal weight | 52+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x6fc8…8198backed Over | 52c | 38.46$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 51 | 49%25 W · 26 L | -4.9wins | -0.10per pick | 59cpaid | -17.1%equal weight | 43-0.06 edge/pick |
| 0x8d61…3113backed Over | 64c | 31.25$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 7 | 71.4%5 W · 2 L | +0.7wins | +0.10per pick | 61cpaid | +18%equal weight | 53+0.02 edge/pick |
| 0x4522…ff26backed Under | 32c | 31.25$10 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$21.25 | 5 | 40%2 W · 3 L | 0.0wins | +0.01per pick | 39cpaid | +5.1%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x9dd9…08bdbacked Over | 48c | 30$14 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$14.4 | 370 | 39.2%145 W · 225 L | -14.7wins | -0.04per pick | 43cpaid | -24.4%equal weight | 46-0.04 edge/pick |
| 0x5339…9da3backed Over | 64c | 30$19 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$19.2 | 169 | 62.1%105 W · 64 L | +0.1wins | 0.00per pick | 62cpaid | +0.7%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x727c…c1f5backed Over | 68c | 29.41$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 11 | 27.3%3 W · 8 L | -3.0wins | -0.27per pick | 55cpaid | -35.5%equal weight | 41-0.08 edge/pick |
| 0x726d…b10dbacked Under | 69c | 28.99$20 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$8.99 | 40 | 57.5%23 W · 17 L | +0.3wins | +0.01per pick | 57cpaid | -0.9%equal weight | 51+0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xa4bd…e8a2backed Over | 51c | 28.79$15 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$14.81 | 572 | 52.1%298 W · 274 L | -3.5wins | -0.01per pick | 53cpaid | -8.5%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xf28e…cbf8backed Over | 35c | 28.59$10 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$10.01 | 14 | 57.1%8 W · 6 L | +1.3wins | +0.10per pick | 48cpaid | +14.3%equal weight | 54+0.03 edge/pick |
| 0x914b…a886backed Over | 70c | 28.57$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 23 | 73.9%17 W · 6 L | +2.8wins | +0.12per pick | 62cpaid | +19.8%equal weight | 57+0.06 edge/pick |
| 0x1b23…bbb5backed Over | 72c | 27.78$20 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$20 | 45 | 57.8%26 W · 19 L | +3.6wins | +0.08per pick | 50cpaid | +15.8%equal weight | 56+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0x3a09…f9f7backed Over | 71c | 23.86$17 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$16.94 | 240 | 47.9%115 W · 125 L | +1.2wins | 0.00per pick | 47cpaid | -2.4%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x3647…6250backed Over | 48c | 22.92$11 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$11 | 21 | 52.4%11 W · 10 L | -0.2wins | -0.01per pick | 54cpaid | +1.5%equal weight | 49-0.01 edge/pick |
| 0xeabf…97e5backed Over | 70c | 21.43$15 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$15 | 3 | 66.7%2 W · 1 L | 0.0wins | 0.00per pick | 67cpaid | +4.1%equal weight | 500.00 edge/pick |
| 0x0dd3…cb5ebacked Over | 63c | 20.63$13 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$13 | 3 | 0%0 W · 3 L | -1.6wins | -0.53per pick | 53cpaid | -100%equal weight | 44-0.06 edge/pick |
| 0x8f40…600dbacked Under | 76c | 15.76$12 in | Won — open this pick on its own page | +$3.85 | 20 | 65%13 W · 7 L | +2.1wins | +0.11per pick | 54cpaid | +4.2%equal weight | 55+0.05 edge/pick |
| 0xb11a…023cbacked Over | 70c | 15.71$11 in | Lost — open this pick on its own page | -$11 | 10 | 40%4 W · 6 L | -1.5wins | -0.15per pick | 55cpaid | -40.5%equal weight | 45-0.04 edge/pick |
Entry is the average price this wallet paid on the side it backed, so being right at 20c is distinguishable from being right at 95c. Position is what it was left holding in shares, with what it spent underneath. Result opens that one pick on a page of its own, which is the link to send somebody. P/L held is what that position would have been worth held to resolution — not cash the wallet withdrew, because selling early is still a correct forecast. The seven columns on the right describe the wallet’s whole record in La Liga and say nothing about this market.
The rest of this event
Polymarket sells these questions together. 5 in all. TailMyPicks has no name for an event — the venue publishes an identifier and no title — so they are listed by their own questions.
- Real Madrid vs. Celta Vigo: O/U 2.5this page
- Real Madrid vs. Celta Vigo: Both Teams to ScoreNo won
- Real Madrid vs. Celta Vigo: O/U 1.5Over won
- Real Madrid vs. Celta Vigo: O/U 3.5Under won
- Spread: Real Madrid (-2.5)Celta Vigo won
Not every trade counts. A Pick has to clear four thresholds to be scored.
TailMyPicks scores a wallet on what it can actually be judged on: positions held to resolution, in markets with enough volume to be real, at prices where being right was not already priced in.
- The market traded at least $500.
- The entry price was between 0.00 and 0.80 — a near-certainty is not a call.
- The position was at least $10 — dust is not a position.
- The market has resolved, so there is a right answer to grade against.
Thresholds behind these numbers: set by an operator decision, not measured.